https://tenzir.com/blog/production-debugging-bpftrace-uprobes/
https://shaharmike.com/cpp/vtable-part1/
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
|
#include <iostream>
class Parent {
public:
virtual void Foo() {}
virtual void FooNotOverridden() {}
};
class Derived : public Parent {
public:
void Foo() override {}
};
int main() {
Parent p1, p2;
Derived d1, d2;
std::cout << "done" << std::endl;
}
|
$ # compile our code with debug symbols and start debugging using gdb
$ clang++ -std=c++14 -stdlib=libc++ -g main.cpp && gdb ./a.out
...
(gdb) # ask gdb to automatically demangle C++ symbols
(gdb) set print asm-demangle on
(gdb) set print demangle on
(gdb) # set breakpoint at main
(gdb) b main
Breakpoint 1 at 0x4009ac: file main.cpp, line 15.
(gdb) run
Starting program: /home/shmike/cpp/a.out
Breakpoint 1, main () at main.cpp:15
15 Parent p1, p2;
(gdb) # skip to next line
(gdb) n
16 Derived d1, d2;
(gdb) # skip to next line
(gdb) n
18 std::cout << "done" << std::endl;
(gdb) # print p1, p2, d1, d2 - we'll talk about what the output means soon
(gdb) p p1
$1 = {_vptr$Parent = 0x400bb8 <vtable for Parent+16>}
(gdb) p p2
$2 = {_vptr$Parent = 0x400bb8 <vtable for Parent+16>}
(gdb) p d1
$3 = {<Parent> = {_vptr$Parent = 0x400b50 <vtable for Derived+16>}, <No data fields>}
(gdb) p d2
$4 = {<Parent> = {_vptr$Parent = 0x400b50 <vtable for Derived+16>}, <No data fields>}
Here’s what we learned from the above: